计算日出日落时间

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计算日出日落时间

作者: 莫烦Python 发布于: 2022-11-18 执行: 834 克隆: 0

选择国内区域，得到指定日期的日出日落时间。如果年月日信息不填的话，将会默认计算今天的日出日落时间。注：区域可以在这里面选（甘肃, 青海, 四川, 河北, 云南, 贵州, 湖北, 河南, 山东, 江苏, 安徽, 浙江, 江西, 福建, 广东, 湖南, 海南, 辽宁, 吉林, 黑龙江, 山西, 陕西, 台湾, 北京, 上海, 重庆, 天津, 内蒙古, 广西, 西藏, 宁夏, 新疆, 香港, 澳门）

点击【Run】按钮将运行下方代码。可编辑、修改代码尝试新的运行逻辑。

为自己编写一个 MiniPy 吧，或者一键克隆这个吧！

import math
import datetime
import sys
import calendar

geo = {
    '甘肃': [103.73, 36.03],
    '青海': [101.74, 36.56],
    '四川': [104.06, 30.67],
    '河北': [114.48, 38.03],
    '云南': [102.73, 25.04],
    '贵州': [106.71, 26.57],
    '湖北': [114.31, 30.52],
    '河南': [113.65, 34.76],
    '山东': [117, 36.65],
    '江苏': [118.78, 32.04],
    '安徽': [117.27, 31.86],
    '浙江': [120.19, 30.26],
    '江西': [115.89, 28.68],
    '福建': [119.3, 26.08],
    '广东': [113.23, 23.16],
    '湖南': [113, 28.21],
    '海南': [110.35, 20.02],
    '辽宁': [123.38, 41.8],
    '吉林': [125.35, 43.88],
    '黑龙江': [126.63, 45.75],
    '山西': [112.53, 37.87],
    '陕西': [108.95, 34.27],
    '台湾': [121.30, 25.03],
    '北京': [116.46, 39.92],
    '上海': [121.48, 31.22],
    '重庆': [106.54, 29.59],
    '天津': [117.2, 39.13],
    '内蒙古': [111.65, 40.82],
    '广西': [108.33, 22.84],
    '西藏': [91.11, 29.97],
    '宁夏': [106.27, 38.47],
    '新疆': [87.68, 43.77],
    '香港': [114.17, 22.28],
    '澳门': [113.54, 22.19]
}

def force_range(v, max):
    # force v to be >= 0 and < max
    if v < 0:
        return v + max
    elif v >= max:
        return v - max

return v

def _calc_sun_time(lat, lon, date, is_rise=True, zenith=90.8):
    # isRiseTime == False, returns sunsetTime
    day = date.day
    month = date.month
    year = date.year

to_rad = math.pi / 180.0

# 1. first calculate the day of the year
    n1 = math.floor(275 * month / 9)
    n2 = math.floor((month + 9) / 12)
    n3 = (1 + math.floor((year - 4 * math.floor(year / 4) + 2) / 3))
    n = n1 - (n2 * n3) + day - 30

# 2. convert the longitude to hour value and calculate an approximate time
    lng_h = lon / 15

if is_rise:
        t = n + ((6 - lng_h) / 24)
    else:  # sunset
        t = n + ((18 - lng_h) / 24)

# 3. calculate the Sun's mean anomaly
    m = (0.9856 * t) - 3.289

# 4. calculate the Sun's true longitude
    l = m + (1.916 * math.sin(to_rad * m)) + (0.020 * math.sin(to_rad * 2 * m)) + 282.634
    l = force_range(l, 360)  # NOTE: l adjusted into the range [0,360)

# 5a. calculate the Sun's right ascension

ra = (1 / to_rad) * math.atan(0.91764 * math.tan(to_rad * l))
    ra = force_range(ra, 360)  # NOTE: ra adjusted into the range [0,360)

# 5b. right ascension value needs to be in the same quadrant as L
    l_quadrant = (math.floor(l / 90)) * 90
    r_quadrant = (math.floor(ra / 90)) * 90
    ra = ra + (l_quadrant - r_quadrant)

# 5c. right ascension value needs to be converted into hours
    ra = ra / 15

# 6. calculate the Sun's declination
    sin_dec = 0.39782 * math.sin(to_rad * l)
    cos_dec = math.cos(math.asin(sin_dec))

# 7a. calculate the Sun's local hour angle
    cos_h = (math.cos(to_rad * zenith) - (sin_dec * math.sin(to_rad * lat))) / (
                cos_dec * math.cos(to_rad * lat))

if cos_h > 1:
        return None  # The sun never rises on this location (on the specified date)
    if cos_h < -1:
        return None  # The sun never sets on this location (on the specified date)

# 7b. finish calculating H and convert into hours

if is_rise:
        h = 360 - (1 / to_rad) * math.acos(cos_h)
    else:  # setting
        h = (1 / to_rad) * math.acos(cos_h)

h = h / 15

# 8. calculate local mean time of rising/setting
    t_ = h + ra - (0.06571 * t) - 6.622

# 9. adjust back to UTC
    ut = t_ - lng_h
    ut = force_range(ut, 24)  # UTC time in decimal format (e.g. 23.23)

# 10. Return
    hr = force_range(int(ut), 24)
    min_ = round((ut - int(ut)) * 60, 0)
    if min_ == 60:
        hr += 1
        min_ = 0

# 10. check corner case
    if hr == 24:
        hr = 0
        day += 1

if day > calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1]:
            day = 1
            month += 1

if month > 12:
                month = 1
                year += 1

return datetime.datetime(year, month, day, hr, int(min_)) + datetime.timedelta(hours=8)

def main():
    year_str = mofanpy["年"].strip()
    month_str = mofanpy["月"].strip()
    day_str = mofanpy["日"].strip()
    if year_str == "" or month_str == "" or day_str == "":
        date = datetime.date.today()
        print(f"检测年月日为空，使用今天的日期：{date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}")
    else:
        try:
            year = int(year_str)
            month = int(month_str)
            day = int(day_str)
            date = datetime.datetime(year=year, month=month, day=day)
        except ValueError:
            raise ValueError("日期格式转换失败，请检查日期")
    
    try:
        point = geo[mofanpy["区域"].strip()]
    except KeyError:
        print(f"没有输入正确的省份，请在下列省份中选择：\n{', '.join(geo.keys())}")
        return
    
    lon, lat = point[0], point[1]
    sr = _calc_sun_time(lat, lon, date, is_rise=True)
    ss = _calc_sun_time(lat, lon, date, is_rise=False)
    if sr is None:
        print(f"太阳 {date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')} 这天没到 {mofanpy['区域']} 这块地方")
    else:
        print(f"日出：{sr.strftime('%H:%M')} AM\n日落：{ss.strftime('%H:%M')} PM")

main()